C++ provides a limited number of statements. Most of these affect the flow of control within a program:

• while, for, and do while statements, which provide iterative execution.

• if and switch, which provide conditional execution.

• continue, which stops the current iteration of a loop.

• break, which exits a loop or switch statement.

• goto, which transfers control to a labeled statement.

• try and catch, which define a try block enclosing a sequence of statements that might throw an exception. The catch clause(s) are intended to handle the exception(s) that the enclosed code might throw.

• throw expression statements, which exit a block of code, transferring control to an associated catch clause.